Water is the most basic and fundamental components of life. Yet, only 1% of the Earth's water is fresh water. This small amount is becoming more inadequate, particularly in certain geographic areas of the world and in high-density population areas due to pollution and shortages of rainfall . Desalinating seawater has long been considered as a solution to the world's current and future water problem. But desalination has been costly and un-affordable in places where it is most needed.